Consuming tea and coffee with GERD: What's the deal?
In the realm of digestive health, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has been a growing concern, affecting around 20% of people in the United States. One question that has been raised is the effect of caffeine on GERD symptoms.
Current scientific evidence indicates that caffeine intake, particularly from coffee and tea, is associated with an increased risk of exacerbating GERD symptoms. A recent large United States-based study found that consuming at least six cups of caffeinated coffee per day worsened GERD symptoms by 23%. Other research confirms that caffeinated tea, coffee (including decaffeinated varieties), and soda are all associated with increased GERD symptoms.
However, it's important to note that not everyone with GERD will experience worsening symptoms from coffee or tea. The exact mechanism is complex and may involve stimulation of gastric acid secretion, relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), or direct irritation of the esophagus. Moreover, even decaffeinated coffee and certain teas (including herbal teas) can trigger GERD symptoms in some individuals, indicating that caffeine is not the only factor.
Healthcare professionals often note that caffeine can aggravate reflux symptoms, but do not necessarily recommend eliminating caffeine from the diet. Instead, moderation is advised, and individuals should monitor their personal response to these beverages. Some people may tolerate small amounts or specific types of coffee or tea without symptom aggravation, while others may need to eliminate them entirely.
To help identify personal triggers, Lauren B. Gerson, an associate professor at Stanford University, suggests that a person with GERD try identifying and eliminating the foods and drinks that trigger symptoms. Recording meals and symptoms in a diary can help in identifying triggers for GERD symptoms.
For those seeking alternatives, some options for people who find that caffeine aggravates their GERD symptoms include herbal or fruit teas, decaffeinated coffee, and chicory coffee. Other lifestyle interventions that can reduce symptoms of GERD include weight loss, raising the head of the bed by 6-8 inches with foam wedges or blocks, avoiding eating for 2 or 3 hours before bedtime, avoiding overeating, quitting smoking, wearing clothing that is loose, especially around the abdomen, remaining upright after meals for at least 3 hours, maintaining an upright posture when sitting, and trying over-the-counter (OTC) medications, such as antacids.
While the impact of caffeine on GERD is not yet fully understood, it's clear that personalised approaches can help manage symptoms. As always, it's essential to consult with a healthcare professional for personalised advice and treatment options.
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